Ovarian cyst

The ovaries of the female genitalia estrogen, progesterone ( the "female " hormones) and a small amount of testosterone (the " male hormone " ) are generating structure . Each side of the uterus with the fallopian tubes are placed in close contact .

Preadolescent ovaries did not show any hormonal secretion function , from puberty until menopause, women produce a variety of hormones on a regular basis allows you to see up to menstruation . Ovarian fundamental task of every month , in the structure contained an egg cell maturation and maturation take place after these cells ovulation called the function a possible fertilization will take place Fallopian tube (" channels " ) is to give. This maturation process secreted hormone estrogen lining of the uterus to the passing of here a possible pregnancy ready ensures that , after spawning in the release that began hormone progesterone , this region pregnancy for the formation of the most favorable situation brings .

Pregnancy does not occur after a period of egg cell is destroyed and the stop of the hormone progesterone secretion of the uterine lining is shed through menstruation . The first day of menstruation is the process described above begins again .


Ovarian tissue each month in this ongoing cycle , run down the egg cells in the tissue are eliminated . Cycle and thus disappear when menstruation has switched to female menopause stage . Depleted egg cells therein small amounts of estrogen in these structures and a small amount of testosterone secretion continues lifetime .

Cysts do you need to know in order to understand better :

Ovulation and menstruation was described above . If we look more closely at this event , which occurred in one of the ovaries each month in the process of egg cell development in these cells , called follicular fluid-filled sacs that we see under protection in . Structure called the follicle until ovulation in the process reached a diameter of about 18 millimeters , and the rising influence of hormones from the weakest point by cracking an egg is released. The vesicle then the corpus luteum (yellow body) turned into a structure called hromo secretes progesterone .

Ultrasonography of follicular development and corpus luteum formation (especially in vaginal ultrasonography ) is easily tracked . In some cases, more than enough to grow these structures give the impression of a cyst . However, after the end of the next menstrual Considering the disappearance of the cyst was observed that most of the structure thought .

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE CYSTS

Ovarian cysts reproduction ( fertility ) is more common in women at the age of most of these cysts and benign in nature , are the formation of spontaneously without any treatment .

FUNCTIONAL ( FUNCTIONAL ) CYSTS

Functional cysts or follicles continue to grow with the ( follicular cyst) or formed by regression of the corpus luteum ( corpus luteum cyst) arise .

Functional cysts in the ovaries of reproductive age are the most common type of cyst .

Follicular cysts

Spawning occurs in the process sacs called follicles appear with overgrowth . Most of these cysts is 5 centimeters or smaller than the diameter of the symptoms and usually do not . Follicular cysts spontaneously after 1-3 menstrual cycle or by the doctor in the presence of such cysts often disappear , shrink the help of birth control pills .

Corpus luteum cysts

In contrast to such cysts Follicular cysts are usually painful . Which normally occurs after ovulation in the corpus luteum ( corpus luteum ) or with excessive growth of these structures appear with bleeding inside . Normally after a certain time of the disappearance of the corpus luteum need to continue with the hormone progesterone secretion may cause delay of menstruation . These cysts are follicular cysts tend to be larger and are often the first track in the process of determining the size of a tangerine , they can grow even more . As with follicular cysts spontaneously or with the help of contraception , although they could be lost by this process may be longer follicular cysts .

Endometrioma ( chocolate cyst)

Endometriosis occurs in the ovaries called the situation where intra- dark brown , obsolete, full of blood , resembling the appearance of a fluid-containing liquid chocolate cystic formations may occur .

endometriosis >>

Polycystic ovarian disease (PCO )

Although ovarian cysts have been described in a large cyst here not only a large number of cysts in the ovaries and millimeter in size , there is not . Ovulation condition called PCO for any reason remain in the long term results from half . Every month should crack developed follicles , at a certain stage of development " attached " and a small cyst in the ovary tissue replaces . Repeat this case, the long-term side by side arrangement of multiple cysts in the ovary occurs. Thus, patient poly ( latin : multiple) cystic ovary ( latin : ovary) is called .

Polycystic ovary

Dermoid cyst ( teratoma )

A cyst is a type of function unrelated to ovulation . Learning can be filled with various tissues of the body . Cysts seen in the most common skin and hair structure , although sometimes even visible dental tissue . This type of cyst is known for relatively easy on the ultrasound . Mature cystic teratoma is in the name .

Cystadenomas

Developing from the outside surface layer of ovarian tissue surrounding the tumor benign structures.

Ovary and which may occur in close proximity to these bodies and allways CONSIDER OTHER MASS those

A very different type from that described above in the ovaries in tabiyatl with benign cystic or solid ( mass consisting of a substance other than fluid ) is made ​​available . Among the most important hormones secreted by secreting hormones that cause symptoms under the influence of giant masses of cysts and sometimes " mucinous " type of cysts .

Both solid and cystic ovaries on ultrasound appearance and capable of displaying a variety of reasons due to a past infection , abscesses may occur.

Sometimes near one of ovarian ectopic pregnancy may exhibit a mass appearance . In this case usually comes to be delayed menstruation and pain .

Ectopic pregnancy

Located in close proximity to the ovaries of the revised interior of the fallopian tubes due to infection caused by swelling of the mass on ultrasound ovarian cysts can give the impression .

Revised gynecological and other abdominal surgery adhesions formed in the accumulation of fluid within the cyst may give the impression sometimes .

Especially during pregnancy and multiple pregnancies , such as molar pregnancy in cases where the pregnancy hormone secreted much of the back - lutein cysts called cysts may occur and usually bilateral .

Ovarian cysts during pregnancy >>

Applied to create a pregnancy ovulation as a side effect of the treatment provider and a lot of growth in the number of ovarian cyst formation may be involved .

Ovarian cysts when it comes to patient age , cyst size and ultrasonography seen in the internal structure, single or double sided like the fact that according to the variables sometimes in the background , and sometimes at the forefront of ovarian cancer doctors in the differential diagnosis takes place .

WHAT GIVES THE SYMPTOMS ?

Ovarian cysts are a relatively common occurrence . No symptoms in the majority of women , and another reason is detected incidentally during gynecological examination .

When they give the most common symptoms are as follows:

One of the pain in the groin or groin
Feeling of fullness and pressure in the lower abdomen
Pain during intercourse
Menstrual irregularity or customs to be more painful than usual , amenorrhoea
Handle very large cyst swelling or mass in the abdomen arrive
Fullness in the chest
Urinary and intestinal complaints
Cyst torsion ( drowning) symptoms
Cyst rupture ( burst ) symptoms
What is torsion ?

Torsion or choking , a mass movement is exposed to the impact of gravity and turning around its own vessels is the name given to obstruct circulation .

When the mass circulation occluded vessels feeding the masses will be destroyed in the " degeneration ", ie, deterioration begins. This distortion can cause severe pain that may cause abdominal pain because of other causes ( such as appendicitis ) is a condition that may require surgery in order to investigate .

On the other hand, the circulation of ovarian tissue deteriorates as a result of choking because the functions of ovarian tissue may be permanently lost .

Explosion or rupture of the cyst

Ovarian cysts grow increases the fluid pressure in them . Although in parallel to increase the pressure of the cyst wall thickness of the large cysts sexual intercourse arts , exercise and other body forces may be torn situations . This rupture is often called " a stinging pain of short duration " Presenting symptoms and does not lead to another problem . However, during the cyst rupture a blood vessel feeding the internal bleeding may occur when torn , surgery may be required in such cases .

How is it diagnosed ?

Consult a doctor if the symptoms described above with one of the gynecological examination the doctor comes into the hands of the masses . In order to confirm the diagnosis of the exact location of the cysts , size , internal structure and likely will determine the type . A greater than 20 millimeters in ovarian tissue fluid-filled cyst is detected suspicion is strengthened.

In addition to medical evaluation of the cyst sometimes computed tomography, MR imaging , such as the need for additional audible. Again, in order to determine the type of cyst tumor marker ( " tumor markers " ) called for some special blood test may be required .

HOW IS IT TREATED

The above-described methods of diagnosis definitively revealed the presence of cysts , but may determine the structure but estimated . The definitive diagnosis of cyst laparoscopy ( closed surgery ) or laparotomy ( open surgery ) method called by the removal and can be examined by pathologists .

All of cysts do not require surgery . Conditions requiring surgical removal of a cyst can be summarized as follows .

1 - The cyst does not cause severe symptoms or treatment ( birth control pills ) to reply
Torsion or rupture of the cyst is 2- (explosion ) have a higher risk of
3- The cyst is an ovarian cancer is suspected .

Remarks:

1 - Ovarian cysts cause severe symptoms in the long term after they are already required inspections , are operated at a planned time . When torsion or rupture occurs are immediate surgery .

2- Ovarian cyst the size of the increases, the pressure increases in them and around them , turning their strangle themselves or risk of rupture increases. In cases of drowning and tear is usually quite unprepared and at a time when surgery is performed under emergency conditions are not optimal . This increases the risk of loss of ovarian and surgery performed by laparoscopy is a condition which significantly reduced the chance . Therefore, for large cysts ( cysts usually on 5 centimeters ) from the realization yet this type of situation is preferable to surgery .

3- especially in very young girls and menopause or menopause in women who have recently had cysts , which is quite inconvenient for the doctor . In such cases, ultrasound and other imaging methods and tumor markers düşündürmes a cancer , even for accurate diagnosis, the doctor will usually recommend surgery .

Again, ultrasound and other imaging modalities in any woman outside the liquid in a solid component in the cyst , or a tumor marker elevation in the case of detection is usually recommended for surgery .

TO PREVENT POSSIBLE ovarian cyst ?

Ovarian cysts in the ovaries every month regularly follicle called the normal process of ovulation part of the structures seen in the reproductive age occurs frequently and therefore physiological process " exaggerated " the processing of resulting functional cysts to avoid it altogether is not possible. Birth control pills if they are temporarily stop the process of ovulation in women using these drugs is seen much less functional ovarian cysts . Again, these pills for endometriosis, polycystic ovarian disease , such as reducing the incidence of this type may occur in women yumurtlıklarsd they also protect against the masses . Long term use of oral contraceptives the risk of developing ovarian cancer is known to reduce effectively .